Prosperity 2030 UCL · IGP Prosperity 2030

Structural Reforms

Structures fit for the 21st century

National infrastructure
Water, Energy, Digital
Resilience in the 21st Century
Capital investments
0.5% GDP
Funded from revenues, not debt
Total annual funding
1.1% GDP
All Structural Reforms

Strategic direction of core infrastructures for water, energy, and digital cannot be delayed further without endangering the basic safety and security of the nation.

Effective local democracy is central to these reforms, as it is to many other policies in the P2030 programme. Democracy Revival is a Structural Reform that transforms councils from lay oversight into effective governance. Full-time, well paid, and supported councillors provide the attention and responsiveness that validates the transfer of power from central to local government.

The first step is to relocate structural costs to same place where responsibility for decisions is effectively exercised: out of consumer bills and in to catchment-bounded authority. The Universal Services for Water, Energy, and Digital lay the foundation for the Structural Reforms in this section by moving costs from bills to national taxes. Those policies complete step one in the process.

The second step is to rearrange the decision-taking power structures to ensure national priority is asserted over commercial interest. Private providers operate within the strategic choices that countries, not consumers, make for how water, energy, and digital services are deployed. Responsiveness comes from democracy directly, mediated through taxes not wallets.

Detail

Much needed reforms to the country’s vital infrastructure have been stuck behind policies that attempted to couple strategic decision-taking to consumer bills. This inherited construct is left over from naive market-orientated policy that inverted governance half a century ago. The idea was that consumer pressure would be exerted through the democratic system to keep strategic national infrastructure management aligned with national priorities. The failure of this communication channel left those infrastructures controlled by their commercial operators. Governments responded to the cost of living pressures by diverting responsibility to quangos, and devised convoluted subsidies in an attempt to impose a market philosophy where no real markets exist. Water and energy management are the poster children for this governance failure. Digital infrastructure has now joined the family.

Structural Reforms described here lean on designs developed by others with more in-depth understanding of the sectors. The policies proposed aim to give form and practice to the proposals of national experts, most prominently Professor Dieter Helm1, who have expertise in the UK’s core infrastructures. The P2030 programme does not claim to have developed the ideal operationalisation of those reforms, but instead aims to provide a vision of how solid and rapid progress could be made.

Pages in this section

  1. Helm, D. (2026) Dieter Helm. Available at: https://dieterhelm.co.uk/ (Accessed: 18 June 2026)

Published 18 May 2026